Chemical Overview:
- Name: Malononitrile
- Synonyms: MDN, Malonitrile, Malononitrile, Dicyanomethane, MALONODINITRILE, Malonodinitrile, Propanedinitrile, Cyanoacetonitrile, AKOS BBS-00004370, METHYLENE CYANIDE, METHYLENE DICYANIDE, Malononitrile (form1), MALONIC ACID DINITRIL, N-(4-Fluorobenzoyl)piperidine
- CAS: 109-77-3
- Molecular Formula: C3H2N2
- Molar Mass: 66.06 g/mol
Physical and Chemical Properties:
- Density: 1.049 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
- Melting Point: 30-32 °C (lit.)
- Boiling Point: 220 °C (lit.)
- Flash Point: 234°F
- Appearance: Crystalline low melting mass
- Color: White to yellow-brown
- Storage Condition: 2-8°C
Uses and Applications:
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Pharmaceuticals:
- Intermediate for drugs such as triamterene.
- Used in the synthesis of important drugs like vitamin B1, methotrexate, and triamterene.
- Utilized in the production of diuretic drugs.
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Organic Synthesis:
- Raw material for the preparation of compounds such as 2-amino-4,6-dimethoxypyrimidine and 2-chloro-4,6-dimethoxypyrimidine.
- Used in the production of sulfonylurea herbicides (e.g., bensulfuron-methyl, pyrisulfuron-methyl).
- Key intermediate in the manufacture of herbicide bisoxyl.
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Other Applications:
- Important in the production of dyes and pesticides.
- Used as an extractant for gold.
Safety Information:
- Toxicity: Malononitrile is toxic and can cause central nervous system poisoning, potentially leading to epilepsy. The LD50 for mice by intraperitoneal injection is 12.9 mg/kg.
- Handling: It should be stored in a cool, ventilated warehouse away from fire, heat sources, oxidants, acids, and edible raw materials. It is essential to avoid high heat and contact with alkaline substances.
- Packaging: Typically packaged in 50kg or 200kg iron plastic drums to prevent moisture contamination.
Summary:
Malononitrile is a versatile organic compound with significant applications in pharmaceuticals, organic synthesis, and various industrial processes. Its role as an intermediate in the production of drugs and herbicides underscores its importance in the chemical industry. However, due to its toxicity, proper handling, storage, and safety measures are crucial to ensure safe usage.
